The transition to a low-carbon energy system is among the most profound structural transformations of this century. As the energy sector accounts for about three-quarters of global greenhouse gas emissions, decarbonizing our energy system is essential for achieving net zero goals. Yet this transformation goes far beyond technological changes such as replacing coal power plants with solar farms and batteries: it will reshape economies, labor markets, communities, and geopolitics. In this context, the concept of energy justice provides a useful framework to ensure that changes brought by transitioning to a low-carbon energy system address existing inequalities and do not create new ones. While there are many dimensions to energy justice, three stand out: distributive, procedural, and recognitional. Taken together, an energy justice perspective calls for fair distribution of benefits and burdens, inclusive participation in decision-making, and recognition of diverse social realities and historical disadvantages.