Despite its widespread use for guiding crucial decisions that influence organizational performance over the long term, causal effects of the practice of Intuitive Logics School scenario planning on managerial decisions and outcomes have undergone limited scrutiny. I argue that the methodological challenges contributing to this limitation are similar to those faced in evaluating medical causes and treatments, and therefore, we can draw lessons about scenario planning evaluation from medical research. This book chapter summarizes the research strategies used for evaluating medical treatments, each with unique objectives, units of analysis, and types of data used. Drawing analogies with these strategies, it presents 13 research approaches for evaluating scenario planning interventions. In summary, a multitude of methods are available to assess the effects of scenario planning systematically and offer abundant opportunities for future research.